Multiple sclerosis.(Please click on the slide to magnify)

Please click on the slide to magnify

Dawson's fingers: MS plaques extending up through corpus callosum.

Sagittal T1 C+

Multiple T2 hyperintense lesions most prominent at C4 level, with enhancing plaque at C2/3.

Multiple scattered supra and infratentorial white matter plaques, most of them are seen at the periventricular region perpendicular to the lateral ventricles giving the appearance of Dawson fingers, other plaques involve the subcortical U fibers, juxta cortical and brainstem. Most of the lesions show T2 shine through effect on DWI/ADC. Characteristically they display low signal on T1 WIs.

Juxta cortical lesion along U fiber.

Reference

D.D.

Tumefactive multiple sclerosis is a term used to describe patients with established multiple sclerosis who develop large aggressive demyelinating lesions, similar/identical in appearance to those seen in sporadic tumefactive demyelinating lesions (TDL). TDL is now considered to be a separate entity, lying on a spectrum between multiple sclerosis and postinfectious demyelination / acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM)

Marburg's variant of multiple sclerosis, also known as acute, fulminant, or malignant multiple sclerosis, is characterised by extensive and fulminant acute demyelination, often resulting in death within one year after the onset of clinical signs.

Schilder's disease, (also known as diffuse myelinoclastic sclerosis, or diffuse cerebral sclerosis) is considered a variant of multiple sclerosis (MS), and represents an extremely rare progressive demyelinating process that begins in childhood 

Balo concentric sclerosis (BCS) is a rare and severe monophasic demyelinating disease, considered a subtype of multiple sclerosis, appearing as a rounded lesion with alternating layers of hyper and hypoattenuation giving it a characteristic 'bullseye' or 'onion bulb' appearance 

Reference